Carburetor



G.- HAMMOND Sept. 8, 193

CARBURETOR Filed July 21, 1933 2 Sheets-Sheet l Sept.'8, 1936. G.HAMMOND CARBURETOR 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed July 21, l9 33 00 AM. W w M?J/ .0 w! 2 u I I I u l I Patented Sept. 8, 1936 CARBURETOR GrantHammond, Hamden, Conn; assignor to The Hammond Company, New Haven, Conn,a corporation of Connecticut Application July 21, 1933, Serial No.681,474

12 Claims.

My invention relates to that class of devices which are employed formixing the elements of a combustible fluid for delivery to an internalcombustion engine or similar device, and an object of my invention,among others, is the production of a device of this type that shall besimple in construction and in operation and particularly effective inthe results produced thereby.

One form of a structure embodying my invention and in the constructionand use of which the objects herein set out, as well as others, may beattained, is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure1 is a side view of my improved carburetor.-

Figure 2 is a similar view looking at the structure from a point at theright as seen in Fig. 1.

Figure 3 is another similar view looking from a point at the left of thedevice as seen in Fig. 1.

Figure 4 is an end view.

Figure 5 is a view in central lengthwise-section.

Figure 6 is a view in section on a plane denoted by the dotted line 6-6of Fig. 5, the eccentricity of the valve spindle being exaggerated.

Figure '7 is a detail view showing a modified arrangement of the fuelsupply valve.

In the accompanying drawings the numeral 8 denotes the shell of myimproved carburetor that is preferably of generally cylindrical formhaving an opening extending therethrough from the air inlet 9 to theoutlet III. A flange II is formed at the outlet end as a means forattachment of the carburetor to the manifold or similar part of anengine.

A throttle valve l2 of disk type is located adjacent the inlet opening 9said valve being supported by a spindle 13 extending across the openingthrough the shell into holes on opposite sides thereof. A valve closingspring ll surrounds the spindle l3, said spring being enclosed in ahousing l5 secured in an opening in the side of the shell and projectingoutwardly therefrom, as shown in Fig. 5 of the drawings. One end of thespring is fastened to the spindle and the opposite end of the spring isengaged by a head l6 rotatable in the housing independently of thespindle, said head having holes registering with holes in the housing toreceive a cotter pin IT. The housing forms a sort of stufilng boxconstruction and a reduced end ll of the head extends through the end ofthe housing and is provided with means whereby the head may be turned tovary the tension of the spring. A valve finger I9 is secured to andprojects radially from the spindle at that end opposite the housing l5,s'aid finger having a valve pin projecting therefrom for a purpose to behereinafter described.

A valve actuating finger 2| has its outer end in contact with the valvefinger l9 and its opposite end projecting from a valve actuating arm 22secured to the projecting end of a fuel valve operating shaft 23extending through the chamber 24 in the shell and having a fuel valve 25located at the opposite end of the shaft from the arm 22. The arm 22 isprovided with means for attachment of a cable or other device foroperating it in a manner that will be readily understood. A stop finger26 also projects from the arm 22 for contact with a stop 21 in'the, formof a screw located in the path of movement of said finger. Another stop28 also in theform of a screw is located in the path of-movement of thearm 22 to determine its extent of movement.

. In the structure herein shown the ruei valve" operating shaft 23 isrotatably mounted at its outer endin the hub 29 of a supporting plate30; as shown in Fig. 5 of the drawings, said supporting plate. beingsecured to a boss on the side of the shell as by means of screws. Thestops 21 and 28 are screw threadedly engaged with lugs 32 projectingfrom the front face of a stop plate 3| also secured to said face.

A choke lever 33 is rotatably mounted on and projects radially from theprojecting end of the shaft 23, said lever having means for attachmentof a cable for its operation in a manner that'will be readilyunderstood. This lever when rotated on the shaft 23 may be brought intocontact with the valve pin 20, thereby holding, the throttle valve l2 inits closed position for choking purposes.

The valve 25 has a bearing stub 34 projecting from its end opposite thelever 33 and a stem 35 projecting into the shaft 23 which is hollow, asshown in Fig. 5, and which contains a valve spring 36 thrusting againstthe stem to press the valve chamber 40 formed in said fuel supply boss.A valve supporting fixture 4| is located in a recess 42in the wall ofthe chamber 24 opposite the hub 29, the end of said fixture comprising aseat for the valve 25. Inlet passages 43, preferably evenly spacedapart, extend through the fixture 4| from the inlet chamber 43. Aprojection 44 from the end of the fixture 4| is seated against thebottom of the recess 42 thereby forming the inlet chamber as an annularchamber.

There are a pluralgy of inlet passages 43, three having been found tosatisfactorily answer my purpose. The valve 25 has three ports 43-43 and41 .formed on its seating face which ports open to the periphery of thevalve and are adapted to register with the inlet passages 43. Said portsare of different widths so that one or more of the passages 43 may besimultaneously opened to the chamber 24. As an example, referring toFig. 6, the port 45 may be termed an idling port for the reason that thepassage 43 registering therewith is always open. If the valve be nowturned in the direction denoted by the arrow a slight distance the port46 will register with a passage 43, thereby opening two of the ports 43to the chamber 24.

If the valve be turned a slight distance further the port 41 willregister with a passage 43 while the other passages 43 will stillregister with the ports 43-48. With the valve in this position three ofthe passages are now open to the chamber 24. Upon turning the valve inthe opposite direction to its closed position the idling port 43 willstill register with one of the passages 43.

Valve sleeves 43 .are threaded into recesses at the outer ends of eachof the es 43 and needle valves 43 are threaded into openings from saidrecesses into the inlet chamber 43' opposite the inlet passages '43, sothat each needle valve controls fiow of fuel through one of saidpassages.

Two Venturi rings 33-" are placed on opposite sides of an annular recess32 of circular form in cross section formed in the wall of the shell 3between said rings, thereby creating a plurality of venturis at theoutlet ll of the shell.

In the structure shown in Fig. 7 the valve 23 islocatedinarecessflinavalvesupportingfixture 33, said recess providing the supportfor the valve in its rotating movement, and the stub 34 being dispensedwith. i

The vacuuminthecarburetorcausedbythe action of the engine effectsopening movement of the valve l2 when such movement is unrestrained andthe spring l4 tends to close the valve against force of the vacuum. whenthe lever 22 is at its closed position contacting the point of the screw23 the valve i2 is held in its closed position. As the lever 22 is movedupwardly the finger 2| reduces the opposition to opening movement of thevalve, provided said fingers l3 and II are in contact, and the valvetherefore opens under the force of the vacuum to a degree controlled bythe finger 2i. Should the lever 22 be suddenly moved upward toaccelerate the engine for any reason the pressure in the carburetorwould be at once reduced to a minimum and the spring i4 would thereforebe enabled to close the valve to allow the vacuum to buildup.

This regulates the opening of the valve l2 in relation to the movementof the lever 22, but\ leaves said valve free to turn to its closedposition regardless of the position of the lever 22, this being due tothe tension of the spring l4 on the valve shaft i3.

The function of this portion of the spring is important, as, byadjusting it, the vacuum tension in thecarburetor shell is varied. Forinstance, if a high vacuum is desired the spring is wound clock-wise andthis requires that the needle valve governing the gasoline supply mustbe adjusted to cut down the amount of gasoline, the size of the openingsbeing reduced by screwing the valve in. The reverse of this action isbrought about by weakening the tension of the torsional spring l4 inunscrewing (counter-clockwise movement) the needle valve.

By adjusting these components any desired.

This device is a self-feeding, open jet carburetor, requiring nogasoline pump, vacuum tank, air pressure, or any intermediate auxiliarydevice to lift the gasoline to the carburetor.

It will therefore be seen that it is essential that means shall beprovided for securing a nice adjustment of the tension of the spring,and this is enabled by the arrangement embodying the head l3 with itsfastening means.

In order to prevent entrance of air into the chamber 43 a packing 34 ofasbestos, twine or other material, may be inserted under the valvesleeves 43, as shown in Fig. 5 of the drawings. Without this precautionair may be sucked into the chamber 43 and the efiiciency of thecarburetor be thereby reduced.

I claim:

. 1. A carburetor including a shell having an air intake and aconnection for supply of fuel, a valve to control said air intake, atrotatably mounted shaft for said valve, a valve finger projecting fromsaid shaft, a fuel valve to control said fuel supply, a rotatablymounted shaft for said fuel valve, and an operative connection betweensaid shafts, said shafts including a valve actuating finger projectingfrom said fuel valve shaft to engage said valve finger to permitmovement of said air valve shaft independently of said fuel valve shaftand thereby to effect proportionate supplies of air and fuel.

2. A carburetor including a shell having an air intake and a connectionfor supply of fuel, a valve to control said air intake, a rotatablymounted shaft for said valve, a finger projecting from said shaft, afuel valve to control said fuel supply, a rotatably mounted shaft forsaid fuel valve, and a connection between said last mentioned shaft andsaid finger including a valve actuating finger projecting from said fuelvalve shaft to engage said valve finger and thereby to efiectproportionate supplies of air and fuel.

3. A carburetor including a shell having an air intake and a connectionfor supply of fuel, a valve to control said air intake, a rotatablymounted shaft for said valve, a; valve finger projecting from saidshaft, a fuel valve to control said fuel supply. a rotatably mountedshaft for said fuel valve, a lever for operating said last mentionedshaft, and an operative connection between said lever and said air valveshaft including a valve actuating flnger'projecting from said lev toengage said valve finger to permit movement of said air valve shaftindependently of said fuel valve shaft and thereby to effectproportionate supplies of air and fuel.

4. A carburetor including a shell having an air intake and a connectionfor supp y of fuel, a valve to control said air intake, a rotatablymounted shaft for said valve, a finger projecting from said shaft,--afuel valve to control said fuel supply, a rotatably mounted shaft forsaid fuel valve, a lever projecting from said shaft, and an operativeconnection between said lever and said finger including a valveactuating finger projecting from said fuel valve shaft to engage saidvalve finger to permit movement of said air valve shaft independently ofsaid fuel valve shaft and thereby to effect proportionate supplies ofair and fuel.

5. A carburetor including a shell having an air intake and a connectionfor supply of fuel, a valve to control said air intake, a rotatablymounted shaft for said valve, a finger projecting from said shaft, afuel valve to control said fuel supply, a rotatably mounted shaft forsaid fuel valve, means for rotating said last mentioned shaft, and anactuating finger projecting from said fuel valve shaft at an angle toand in contact with but disconnected from the finger projecting fromsaid valve shaft to effect proportionate supplies of air and fuel.

6. A carburetor including a shell having an air intake and a, connectionfor supply of fuel, a valve to control said air intake, a rotatablymounted shaft for said valve, an air valve finger projecting from saidshaft, a valve pin projecting from said finger, a fuel valve to controlsaid fuel supply, a rotatably mounted shaft for said fuel valve, a leversecured to said shaft to open said fuel valve, a connection between saidlever and the finger projecting from the air valve shaft to effectproportionate supplies of air and fuel, and a choke lever rotatablymounted on said fuel supply shaft for contact with said pin to hold theair valve in closed position.

7-.- A carburetor including a shell having a recess, an air intake, aninlet chamber, and a connection for supply of fuel to said chamber, afixture in said recess having a plurality of passages for inflow of fuelto said chamber, a disk valve seated against the end of said fixture andhaving ports adapted to register with one of said passages to vary theamount of fuel supply, and means for operating said valve.

8. A carburetor including a shell having a recess, an air intake, aninlet chamber, and a com nection for supply of fuel to said chamber, afixture in said recess having a plurality of passages for inflow of fuelto said chamber, a disk valve seated against the end of said fixture andhaving ports of various sizes to register with said passages tosuccessively open said passages for fuel supply, and means for operatingsaid valve.

9.- A carburetor including a, shell having a recess, an air intake, aninlet chamber, and a connection for supply of fuel to said chamber, afixture in said recess having a plurality of passages for inflow of fuelto said chamber, one of which is an idling passage, a disk valve seatedagainst the end of said fixture and having ports adapted to registerwith said passages, one of said ports being in continual registry withthe idling passage, and means for operating said valve.

10. A carburetor including a shell having an air intake to the mixingchamber therein and a connection for supply of fuel, a plurality ofpassages opening through the side wall of said chamber for supply offuel thereto, a valve shaft projecting through said shell and extendingacross said chamber, means for operating said shaft,

and a disk valve secured to said shaft and having ports of differentwidths to register with said passages to vary the amount of fuel supplyto said chamber.

11. A carburetor including a shell having an air intake to the chambertherein and a connection for supply of fuel, a plurality of passagesopening through the wall of said chamber for supply of fuel thereto, avalve shaft projecting into said chamber and having a hole extendinglengthwise therein, means for operating said shaft, a valve having astern projecting into said hole and having a plurality of ports adaptedto register with said passages to vary the supply of fuel thereto, and aspring located in said hole to thrust said valve against its seat.

12. A carburetor including a shell having an air intake to the chambertherein and a recess in the wall of said chamber and a connection forsupply of fuel, a plurality of passages for inflow of fuel, a valvelocated in said recess and having a port adapted to register with eachof said inlet passages, saidports being of different widths to thesuccessively uncover said passages to vary amount of said valve.

GRANT HAMMOND.

fuel supply, and means for operating

